DTT is a structured and systematic teaching method that breaks down skills into discrete components or trials. Each trial consists of a clear and concise instruction, a response from the learner, and immediate feedback. DTT involves repeated practice of specific skills in a controlled setting. It is particularly effective for teaching foundational skills and behaviors, such as language, social, and academic skills. Reinforcement is an essential component of DTT. Positive reinforcement, such as praise or a preferred item, is provided immediately after the correct response, increasing the likelihood of the behavior being repeated. DTT is often used to address specific, measurable goals. It is especially effective for teaching discrete skills, such as vocabulary, imitation, and academic tasks, in a focused and intensive manner.

NET takes place in the learner’s natural environment, incorporating everyday activities and situations. It aims to make learning meaningful and relevant to the learner’s life. Unlike the structured nature of DTT, NET follows a more child-led approach. The teacher observes the learner’s interests and motivations, using these as opportunities to embed teaching moments into daily activities. NET emphasizes the generalization of skills across various settings and contexts. By teaching skills in natural environments, learners are more likely to apply what they’ve learned to real-life situations.

Social skills programs help individuals with autism develop and improve their social interactions, communication, and understanding of social cues. These programs can be delivered in group settings or one-on-one sessions.

Parent training in ABA therapy is a crucial component of the overall intervention process, as it empowers parents or caregivers to implement ABA strategies in the home environment, reinforcing and generalizing the skills learned in structured therapy sessions. Parents are introduced to the fundamental principles of ABA, such as reinforcement, prompting, shaping, and chaining. Understanding these principles helps parents grasp the rationale behind ABA techniques. Parents are trained in the use of specific teaching techniques employed in ABA, such as discrete trial training (DTT), natural environment teaching (NET), and incidental teaching. They learn how to break down complex skills into smaller, manageable steps.